TOEFL Complete Test - Reading Comprehension 11-19

Questions 11-19

Urbanization, the process by which more and more people leave rural areas to live in cities and towns, has been a significant global trend over the past few decades. As more people migrate from rural areas to urban centers, cities continue to grow in size and complexity. While urbanization can offer economic and social advantages, it also brings challenges that need to be addressed for sustainable development.

One of the main benefits of urbanization is the better access to job opportunities and education for individuals. By pursuing education and getting a job in city, people can improve their quality of life. In rural areas, job opportunities are often limited to agriculture. Rural areas also have limited access to services due to a lack of infrastructure, funding, and other factors.

However, urbanization also presents significant challenges. Rapid city growth can lead to socioeconomic and environmental problems. As urban population continues to grow, housing becomes less affordable and this often results in the overcrowding or even homelessness. In some cases, people move to city without a skill and end up being jobless in the city. This, in turn, causes other problems such as higher crime rate and economic inequality in big cities. Urbanization also has negative effects on the environment. Big cities often have traffic congestion and waste management issues, leading to pollution that negatively impacts the environment and the quality of life. 

11. The topic of the passage is 

(A) Challenges presented by urbanization

(B) How urbanization negatively impacts rural areas

(C) The costs and benefits of urban expansion

(D) The negative impacts of urbanization on individuals

12. It can inferred from the passage that urbanization 

(A) makes housing price soar

(B) ensures the distribution of wealth and the improvement of social status

(C) has little to no effect on the environment

(D) makes it possible for everyone to have a decent job

13. The word "migrate" in line 2 is closest in meaning to

(A) overseas

(B) relocate

(C) return

(D) settle

14. The passage states that in rural areas,

(A) there is a variety of jobs available

(B) homeless people can hardly be found

(C) individuals can live a better life

(D) people rely heavily on agricultural sector

15. The word "affordable" in line 5 is closest in meaning to

(A) costly

(B) high-end

(C) uneconomical

(D) inexpensive

16. It can be inferred from the passage that urbanization can cause the followings, except

(A) higher crime rate in cities

(B) environmental issues

(C) shrinking demand for housing in urban areas

(D) lower quality of life due to pollution

17. The word "lack" in line 8 is closest in meaning to

(A) scarcity

(B) difficulty

(C) majority

(D) uncertainty

18. According to the passage, people who move to the city 

(A) are in search of career in agricultural sector

(B) have the required competence to enter the job market

(C) attracted by access to education and job opportunities 

(D) always have high quality of life

19. The passage states that one the reasons why people move to urban areas is

(A) the availability of various services  in rural areas

(B) higher crime rate in rural areas

(C) high demand for housing in rural areas

(D) poor infrastructure in rural areas

Report Card

Total Questions Attempted: 0

Correct Answers: 0

Wrong Answers: 0

--

PENTING

Sebelum melanjutkan pengerjaan, catat terlebih dahulu jumlah jawaban benar pada report card di atas, agar dapat dilakukan perhitungan skor akhir simulasi tes TOEFL Anda.

Before continuing to the next questions, take a note of the correct answers that you have on the report card, so you can calculate your final score later.

Untuk pengerjaan soal nomor 11-19, klik tautan berikut Reading Comprehension Nomor 20-29